The Ayushman Bharat initiative is a transformative healthcare program aimed at achieving universal health coverage in India. Launched by the Government of India under the National Health Policy 2017, Ayushman Bharat focuses on both preventive and curative aspects of healthcare. This flagship scheme, aligned with Sustainable Development Goals, is structured around two main components:
1. Health and Wellness Centers (HWCs)
Announced in 2018, the Health and Wellness Centers aim to establish 1,50,000 centers by upgrading existing Sub Centers and Primary Health Centers. These HWCs focus on comprehensive primary healthcare, addressing maternal, child health, and non-communicable diseases, while providing free essential drugs and diagnostic services. Emphasizing preventive health, HWCs promote healthy behavior, empower communities, and expand access to equitable healthcare services close to home.
2. Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (PM-JAY)
PM-JAY, launched on 23rd September 2018, is the world’s largest government-funded health insurance scheme. It offers a health cover of Rs. 5 lakhs per family per year for secondary and tertiary care hospitalizations, covering over 12 crore vulnerable families (around 55 crore people) from the bottom 40% of India’s population. This initiative offers cashless treatment, has no cap on family size, age, or gender, and includes all pre-existing conditions from day one.
Key benefits include:
- Nationwide portability: Beneficiaries can access treatment across India.
- Comprehensive coverage: Includes 1,929 procedures and associated medical costs like diagnostics, consultations, and follow-up care.
- Catastrophic health cost protection: Aims to prevent impoverishment due to healthcare expenses.
PM-JAY subsumed the Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojana (RSBY) and broadened its reach by covering families beyond the SECC 2011 criteria, making healthcare accessible and affordable for millions of Indians.
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